V-shaped steel : Specifications, weight, standards, and prices

V steel, also known as V-shaped steel, angle steel, V angle steel, or Angle Steel, is one of the structural steel section groups widely used in construction, mechanical fabrication, and industrial projects. The product has a cross-section consisting of two perpendicular legs, forming a distinctive angle shape, and can be manufactured with either equal or unequal legs.

Thanks to its relatively simple configuration and its suitability for welding, drilling, bolting, and integration with other steel components, V steel can be used for bracing systems, structural frames, towers, equipment supports, railings, secondary structures, and many other industrial applications. When selecting the material, buyers should consider the leg dimensions, thickness, weight, steel grade, manufacturing standard, surface condition, and the specific technical requirements of the project.

Stavian Industrial Metal offers a portfolio of project steel products for infrastructure, civil, and industrial projects. This portfolio includes construction steel, structural steel, steel sections, and many other steel products. For steel sections, Stavian Industrial Metal supplies products such as H, U, I, W sections, angle steel, and other types, with various standards and steel grades available according to the requirements of each order.

What Is V-Shaped Steel? Definition, Classification, and Applications

Definition of V Steel

V-shaped steel is a type of steel section with two legs forming a right angle. In international technical documents, the product is commonly referred to as Angle Steel or Steel Angle. Based on the dimensional ratio of the two legs, angle steel can be classified into equal angle steel and unequal angle steel.

Structural angle steel is generally manufactured through the hot-rolling process. During rolling, steel billets are heated and passed through a system of rollers to form the required cross-section. This material group is directly related to hot-rolled steel sections, which are widely used in steel buildings, bridges and roads, industrial structures, and mechanical engineering.

Advantages of V-Shaped Steel

One of the key advantages of V steel is its cross-sectional geometry, which is suitable for bracing members, secondary frames, and connection components. The two perpendicular legs provide convenient surfaces for welding or bolt installation, making angle steel easy to combine with beams, columns, gusset plates, and other components in structural systems.

• Suitable stiffness and load-bearing capacity for structural applications: depending on dimensions, thickness, steel grade, and structural arrangement.
• Easy to fabricate: suitable for cutting, drilling, welding, and bolting.
• Wide range of specifications: allowing selection according to load and structural requirements.
• Easy to combine: can be connected to I, H, U sections, steel plates, and many other structural components.
• Can be protected against corrosion: galvanizing or protective coating solutions can improve performance in environments with corrosion risks.

Bending and Fabrication Capabilities of V Steel

The bending or forming capability of angle steel depends on the steel grade, mechanical properties, thickness, dimensions of the two legs, bending radius, and fabrication technology. When an angle steel bar is bent, the stress condition on the two legs differs from that of a conventional flat steel bar. If an unsuitable fabrication method is used, the cross-section may warp or undergo torsional deformation.

For components requiring bending or special fabrication, businesses should refer to the yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and the requirements of the applicable material standard. Fabrication capability should not be assumed solely based on the steel grade name or nominal dimensions.

See also: Latest V-shaped steel prices

V-shaped steel is available in many different sizes, from V50 to V130, for different purposes and installation positions.

V Steel Specification and Weight Table

Specifications are among the most important pieces of information when selecting V-shaped steel. In practice, angle steel is usually designated by the dimensions of its two legs and its thickness, such as V50×50×5, V75×75×6, or V100×100×10. Two products with the same leg dimensions but different thicknesses will have different weights per meter and different performance characteristics. Therefore, names such as V50, V75, or V100 alone should not be used when preparing technical requirements or placing orders.

According to Stavian Industrial Metal’s steel section portfolio, the product group can meet various standard systems such as JIS, ASTM, KS, BS, EU, and others, with steel grades such as SS400, SS490, A36, A572, depending on the product type and source of supply. For a specific project, actual specifications should be cross-checked against the design standards, material certificates, and technical documentation of the shipment.

General Technical Specifications to Consider

• Type: equal angle steel and unequal angle steel.
• Leg dimensions: indicate the width of the two steel legs.
• Thickness: directly affects the cross-sectional area, weight, and load-bearing capacity.
• Length: commonly available commercial lengths include 6 m and 12 m; the specific length should be confirmed according to the standard and order.
• Steel grade: may include SS400, SS490, A36, A572, and other grades depending on the standard, manufacturer, and project requirements.
• Standard: JIS, ASTM, KS, BS, EN, or corresponding standards may be applied according to the technical documentation.
• Surface: black steel, surface-protected steel, or galvanized steel depending on the operating environment.

Meaning of V Steel Technical Specifications

For equal angle steel, the two legs are generally designated as A and B, where A = B. The parameter t represents the leg thickness. In addition, technical drawings or manufacturers’ catalogues may specify the internal fillet radius, external fillet radius, cross-sectional area, centroid position, and other geometric properties of the section.

These parameters are not used solely to identify the product. Weight per meter is an important basis for estimating material requirements, calculating the total order weight, and planning transportation and handling. Meanwhile, geometric dimensions and section properties are essential data for engineers when calculating the structural performance of a component.

Common Names for V-Shaped Steel

In commercial transactions and technical documents, V steel may appear under several different names. Understanding these terms helps reduce confusion when discussing specifications or preparing purchase requirements.

• V steel / V-shaped steel: commonly used names in Vietnam.
• Angle steel: a name based on the configuration of two legs forming an angle.
• Equal angle steel: the two legs of the cross-section have equal dimensions.
• Unequal angle steel: the two legs have different dimensions.
• L-shaped steel: a name based on the cross-sectional shape resembling the letter L.
• Angle Steel / Steel Angle / Angle Bar: common English terms used in commercial activities and technical documentation.

V-Shaped Steel Standards

V-shaped steel products are manufactured to meet both domestic and international quality standards. Specifically, standards and specifications for V-shaped steel include:

STEEL GRADE	A36, SS400, Q235B, S235JR, GR.A and GR.B
STANDARD	TCVN, EN10025-2, KD S3503, GB/T 700, A131, ASTM, JIS G3101
ORIGIN	Vietnam – Taiwan – Thailand – China – Japan – South Korea
SPECIFICATIONS	Thickness: 3.0mm – 24mm Length: 6000 – 12000mm

Technical Properties

Steel Grade	C max	Si max	Mn max	P max	S max	Ni max	Cr max	Cu max
A36	0.27	0.15-0.40	1.20	0.040	0.050			0.20
SS400				0.050	0.050
Q235B	0.22	0.35	1.40	0.045	0.045	0.30	0.30	0.30
S235JR	0.22	0.55	1.60	0.050	0.050
GR.A	0.21	0.50	2.5XC	0.035	0.035
GR.B	0.21	0.35	0.80	0.035	0.035

Mechanical Properties

Steel Grade	Temperature (C)	YS (MPa)	TS (MPa)	%
A36		≥245	400-550	20
SS400		≥245	400-510	21
Q235B		≥235	370-500	26
S235JR		≥235	360-510	26
GR.A	20	≥235	400-520	22
GR.B	0	≥235	400-520	22

Classification of V-Shaped Steel

V-shaped steel can be classified according to its surface treatment:

Black V Steel

Black V steel products do not undergo surface treatment and retain the original black color of the steel billet. Black V steel is generally more affordable and is widely used in civil construction, furniture manufacturing, frames, and equipment supports.

Black V steel retains the original color of the steel billet and therefore has a black surface.

Stainless Steel V Angle

Stainless steel V angle is highly regarded by construction industry professionals for its outstanding performance and practical advantages. In particular, the product offers high corrosion resistance, good heat resistance, and easy fabrication into the required shapes. The shiny surface of stainless steel V angle also makes it easier to clean.

Typical specifications of stainless steel V angle products include:

• Leg dimensions: from 30 to 300mm
• Length: from 6000 to 12000mm
• Thickness: from 1.5 to 10mm

Stainless steel V angle is widely used in many fields, including:

• Factory frames
• Bridges and roads
• Pre-engineered building structures
• Mechanical engineering and machinery manufacturing
• Civil construction

Electro-Galvanized V Steel

Electro-galvanized V-shaped steel is coated with a thin zinc layer with a thickness of approximately 20 to 30 μm. The electro-galvanized surface is typically brighter and smoother than a surface produced by hot-dip galvanizing.

Electro-galvanized V-shaped steel is coated with a thin zinc layer with a thickness of 20 to 30 μm.

Hot-Dip Galvanized V Steel

Hot-dip galvanized V-shaped steel has a zinc coating with a thickness of approximately 70 to 90 μm. The zinc coating covers the entire surface of the product, forming a protective layer against corrosion caused by oxidation.

Perforated V Angle Steel

Perforated V angle steel, also known as multipurpose perforated angle steel, is a product with multiple holes along its surface. It is widely used for assembling various types of shelving, including bookshelves, filing shelves, supermarket shelving, storage racks, and many other applications.

The holes are uniformly formed to provide high dimensional accuracy and simplify assembly. The product is manufactured with consistent and accurate V angle thickness and leg dimensions according to specified requirements.

Common dimensions of perforated V angle steel include:

• Length: 2m, 2.4m, 3m
• Thickness: 1.5ly, 1.8ly, 2ly

The production process for multipurpose perforated V angle steel generally includes the following stages:

• Strip cutting: V-shaped steel strips are cut according to predetermined specifications.
• Hole punching: holes are uniformly punched along the entire V steel bar.
• Forming: the steel is bent into a V shape.
• Rust removal: the surface is cleaned and remaining impurities are removed from the V-shaped steel.
• Powder coating.

Common perforated V steel sizes include: V 30 x 30, V 40 x 40, V 30 x 50, V 40 x 60, V 40 x 80.

V-Shaped Steel Specifications

V-shaped steel product specifications include several important criteria that characterize the product, such as V steel dimensions, weight, thickness, and other geometric properties.

Length of a V Steel Bar

Regarding the length of V steel bars, according to TCVN standards, a V steel bar may be available in the following lengths: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 (m). In practice, commonly used products are generally supplied in lengths of 6m and 12m as follows:

• V steel from V2 to V8 is generally 6m long.
• V steel from V8 and above is generally 12m long.

V-shaped steel products with custom dimensions or dimensions outside predefined standards may be manufactured under a separate agreement established between the buyer and manufacturer. Certain V steel products that are not manufactured domestically may need to be imported from other countries.

Weight and Dimensions of V-Shaped Steel

Specific Parameters of V-Shaped Steel

The weight, dimensions, and cross-sectional characteristics of V-shaped steel are important for evaluating and using the product. The following explains the meaning of each technical parameter and cross-sectional characteristic:

• A and B: the widths of the V steel legs, where A = B.
• t: the thickness of the V steel leg.
• r1 and r2: the radii of the internal and external fillets of the V steel.
• Cx and Cy: the distances from the centroid of the cross-section to the edges of the V steel.
• ix and iy: the radii of gyration of the cross-section about the x and y axes.

How to Calculate the Weight of V-Shaped Steel

To calculate the weight per 1m length of a V-shaped steel bar, the following formula is used:

P(kg/m)=0.785×Cross-sectional area

Where the cross-sectional area (a) is calculated using the formula:

The formula is used to calculate the cross-sectional area of V-shaped steel.

Example: to calculate the weight per 1m length of V 50x50x4 steel, substitute the values into the formula:

=0.785×3.892675=3.055749875 (kg/m)

Therefore, the weight per 1m length of V 50x50x4 steel is approximately 3.06 kg. Below is a basic V-shaped steel weight table that can be used for reference without performing the calculations.

V-Shaped Steel Reference Table – Weight and Specifications

No.	Product Specification Description	Length	kg/m	kg/bar
1	V 25x 25x 2,5ly	6	0.92	5.5
2	V 25x 25x 3ly	6	1.12	6.7
3	V 30x 30x 2.0ly	6	0.83	5.0
4	V 30x 30x 2,5ly	6	0.92	5.5
5	V 30x 30x 3ly	6	1.25	7.5
6	V 30x 30x 3ly	6	1.36	8.2
7	V 40x 40x 2ly	6	1.25	7.5
8	V 40x 40x 2,5ly	6	1.42	8.5
9	V 40x 40x 3ly	6	1.67	10.0
10	V 40x 40x 3.5ly	6	1.92	11.5
11	V 40x 40x 4ly	6	2.08	12.5
12	V 40x 40x 5ly	6	2.95	17.7
13	V 45x 45x 4ly	6	2.74	16.4
14	V 45x 45x 5ly	6	3.38	20.3
15	V 50x 50x 3ly	6	2.17	13.0
16	V 50x 50x 3,5ly	6	2.50	15.0
17	V 50x 50x 4ly	6	2.83	17.0
18	V 50x 50x 4,5ly	6	3.17	19.0
19	V 50x 50x 5ly	6	3.67	22.0
20	V 60x 60x 4ly	6	3.68	22.1
21	V 60x 60x 5ly	6	4.55	27.3
22	V 60x 60x 6ly	6	5.37	32.2
23	V 63x 63x 4ly	6	3.58	21.5
24	V 63x 63x 5ly	6	4.50	27.0
25	V 63x 63x 6ly	6	4.75	28.5
26	V 65x 65x 5ly	6	5.00	30.0
27	V 65x 65x 6ly	6	5.91	35.5
28	V 65x 65x 8ly	6	7.66	46.0
29	V 70x 70x 5.0ly	6	5.17	31.0
30	V 70x 70x 6.0ly	6	6.83	41.0
31	V 70x 70x 7ly	6	7.38	44.3
32	V 75x 75x 4.0ly	6	5.25	31.5
33	V 75x 75x 5.0ly	6	5.67	34.0
34	V 75x 75x 6.0ly	6	6.25	37.5
35	V 75x 75x 7.0ly	6	6.83	41.0
36	V 75x 75x 8.0ly	6	8.67	52.0
37	V 75x 75x 9ly	6	9.96	59.8
38	V 75x 75x 12ly	6	13.00	78.0
39	V 80x 80x 6.0ly	6	6.83	41.0
40	V 80x 80x 7.0ly	6	8.00	48.0
41	V 80x 80x 8.0ly	6	9.50	57.0
42	V 90x 90x 6ly	6	8.28	49.7
43	V 90x 90x 7,0ly	6	9.50	57.0
44	V 90x 90x 8,0ly	6	12.00	72.0
45	V 90x 90x 9ly	6	12.10	72.6
46	V 90x 90x 10ly	6	13.30	79.8
47	V 90x 90x 13ly	6	17.00	102.0
48	V 100x 100x 7ly	6	10.48	62.9
49	V 100x 100x 8,0ly	6	12.00	72.0
50	V 100x 100x 9,0ly	6	13.00	78.0
51	V 100x 100x 10,0ly	6	15.00	90.0
52	V 100x 100x 12ly	6	10.67	64.0
53	V 100x 100x 13ly	6	19.10	114.6
54	V 120x 120x 8ly	6	14.70	88.2
55	V 120x 120x 10ly	6	18.17	109.0
56	V 120x 120x 12ly	6	21.67	130.0
57	V 120x 120x 15ly	6	21.60	129.6
58	V 120x 120x 18ly	6	26.70	160.2
59	V 130x 130x 9ly	6	17.90	107.4
60	V 130x 130x 10ly	6	19.17	115.0
61	V 130x 130x 12ly	6	23.50	141.0
62	V 130x 130x 15ly	6	28.80	172.8
63	V 150x 150x 10ly	6	22.92	137.5
64	V 150x 150x 12ly	6	27.17	163.0
65	V 150x 150x 15ly	6	33.58	201.5
66	V 150x 150x 18ly	6	39.8	238.8
67	V 150x 150x 19ly	6	41.9	251.4
68	V 150x 150x 20ly	6	44	264
69	V 175x 175x 12ly	6	31.8	190.8
70	V 175x 175x 15ly	6	39.4	236.4
71	V 200x 200x 15ly	6	45.3	271.8
72	V 200x 200x 16ly	6	48.2	289.2
73	V 200x 200x 18ly	6	54	324
74	V 200x 200x 20ly	6	59.7	358.2
75	V 200x 200x 24ly	6	70.8	424.8
76	V 200x 200x 25ly	6	73.6	441.6
77	V 200x 200x 26ly	6	76.3	457.8
78	V 250x 250x 25ly	6	93.7	562.2
79	V 250x 250x 35ly	6	128	768

V-Shaped Steel Prices at Stavian Metal

** The price table is for reference only. Please contact us directly for detailed information.

Standard Sectional Dimension (mm)	t	Unit Mass (kg/m)	Price
V 50×50 (V5)	4	3.06	Contact us
	5	3.77
	6	4.43
V 60×60 (V6)	5	4.57
	6	5.42
V 63×63	5	4.81
	6	5.73
V 65×65	5	4.97
	6	5.91
	7	6.76
	8	7.73
V 70×70	5	5.37
	6	6.38
	7	7.38
	8	8.38
V 75×75	5	5.80
	6	6.85
	7	7.90
	8	8.99
V 80×80	6	7.32
	7	8.51
	8	9.63
V 90×90	6	8.28
	7	9.61
	8	10.90
	9	12.20
	10	13.30
V 100×100	7	10.70
	8	12.20
	9	13.70
	10	14.90
	12	17.80
V 120×120	8	14.70
	10	18.20
	12	21.60
V 130×130	9	17.90
	10	19.70
	12	23.40
V 150×150	10	23.00
	12	27.30
	15	33.80
V 175×175	12	31.80
	15	39.40
V 200×200	15	45.30
	20	59.70
	25	73.60

Key Structural Applications of V-Shaped Steel

Thanks to its flexible connection capabilities and wide range of specifications, V steel is used in many different types of projects. However, the specific role of the product must be determined based on structural drawings and calculations; not all angle steel specifications can be used interchangeably.

Building Structures and Steel Buildings

In steel buildings and factory construction, angle steel is commonly used in bracing systems, struts, secondary frames, supports, and connection details. Compared with large-section I or H beams, V-shaped steel is particularly suitable for bar-type members and components that require surfaces for bolted or welded connections.

When designing an integrated structural system, angle steel can be combined with steel plates, U-shaped steel, I sections, or H sections. The selection of each section type should be based on the load direction, member length, stability conditions, and structural detailing requirements.

Connection and Reinforcement of Steel Structures

V angle steel can be used as connection members, reinforcement components, or parts of structural joints. Its two perpendicular surfaces make it relatively convenient to arrange bolt holes, welds, or connections with gusset plates.

In truss structures, angle steel members may also be used individually or in built-up configurations depending on design requirements. For structures subjected to high loads, engineers need to evaluate not only material strength but also overall stability, local stability, and joint detailing.

Industrial Infrastructure and Transportation Projects

In industrial infrastructure, angle steel can be used for secondary framing systems, supports, working platforms, tower structures, and many other structural components. For outdoor projects, surface protection requirements should be evaluated according to the corrosiveness of the environment.

For locations with high humidity or frequent exposure to outdoor environments, galvanizing or protective surface coating solutions may be considered. Stavian Industrial Metal currently offers a portfolio of coated steel products, including surface-protected steel product groups for construction and industrial applications.

Machinery Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering

In mechanical fabrication, V steel and angle steel are used for machine frames, supports, industrial shelving, conveyor systems, workbenches, and auxiliary structures. One advantage of the angle section is that it can be easily cut into individual lengths, positioned during assembly, and formed into frames using mechanical connections or welding.

However, the requirements for a machine frame subjected to vibration or dynamic loads differ significantly from those of a static support. Therefore, the steel grade, thickness, and connection method should be determined based on actual operating conditions.

Energy and Industrial Engineering Systems

Angle steel can be used in equipment support systems, pipe support systems, technical ladders, working platforms, and auxiliary structural frames in energy projects. For outdoor applications, corrosion resistance and coating quality should be incorporated into the technical requirements from the material selection stage.

Furniture, Civil Applications, and Secondary Structures

For lighter-duty applications, V steel can also be used for table frames, shelves, supports, fences, railings, and other civil components. These applications generally prioritize ease of fabrication and the flexibility of the section. Depending on aesthetic requirements, the surface may be painted or further finished after fabrication.

Steel Products at Stavian Industrial Metal

In addition to V steel and other steel sections, Stavian Industrial Metal has developed a steel product portfolio serving multiple stages of the metal materials supply chain. The current portfolio includes iron ore, steel billets, hot-rolled steel, cold-rolled steel, coated steel, project steel, and shipbuilding steel.

Project Steel and Steel Sections

Stavian Industrial Metal’s project steel portfolio includes construction steel, wire steel, structural steel, steel sections, and many other steel products for infrastructure projects, civil construction, industrial parks, and factories. For steel sections, the portfolio includes H, U, I, W sections, angle steel, and other types depending on requirements.

Steel Billets

Steel billets are important semi-finished products in the steel production chain. Stavian Industrial Metal supplies various steel billet groups with dimensions and steel grades according to its product portfolio, serving the production of finished steel products and downstream manufacturing processes.

Coated Steel

Stavian Industrial Metal’s coated steel portfolio includes products such as GI galvanized steel, GL aluminium-zinc alloy-coated steel, PPGI, and PPGL for construction, mechanical engineering, factories, and industrial manufacturing. This product group differs from angle steel that is galvanized after fabrication, so the distinction should be clearly understood when preparing purchase requirements.

Conclusion

V steel is a structural steel product with an angle-shaped cross-section that is widely used in construction, mechanical engineering, industrial infrastructure, truss frames, connection systems, and many auxiliary structural components. Important factors when selecting the product include the dimensions of the two legs, thickness, weight, length, steel grade, standard, and surface protection method.

To accurately control weight and quality, buyers should not rely solely on the specification name but should cross-check specification tables, manufacturers’ catalogues, and certificates. Particularly for load-bearing components, all selections regarding dimensions and steel grades must comply with the project design documentation and applicable standards.

With a portfolio covering steel sections, structural steel, project steel, steel billets, hot-rolled steel, cold-rolled steel, and coated steel, Stavian Industrial Metal aims to provide material solutions for domestic and international construction and industrial requirements. When requesting V steel, providing complete information on specifications, steel grade, standards, quantity, and delivery conditions will help ensure more accurate product identification and quotation.